Habas C
Service Central de Biophysique et de Médecine Nucléaire, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, F-75013 Paris.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2001 Dec;157(12):1471-97.
Clinical data in man, as well as experimental results in animals, classically involve the cerebellum in the coordination of ballistic movements and in their accompanying postural adjustment. The cerebellum intervenes in the coding of the order and duration of contraction of the different protagonist muscular groups contributing to the same movement. In normal life, this is an automatic, non conscious procedure. Recent studies seem to indicate that the human neocerebellum (lateral hemispheres and dentate nuclei) plays a role in the regulation of some neocortical cognitive functions. This new functional aspect of cerebellar activity has been inferred from the results obtained by three quite different domains: neuroanatomical data showing the existence of, sometimes reciprocal, pathways between the neocerebellum and associative and limbic areas in primates, neuropsychological data assessing the presence, in some cerebellar patients, of purely cognitive impairments, and data from functional imagery pointing out cerebellar activation in healthy subjects during non motor tasks. II would ensue that, thanks to new cortical targets. The cerebellum could regulate sensorial, procedural, linguistic and emotional activities, so that a cerebellar lesion could be followed by a cognitive and affective syndrome, depending on the importance and on the location of the lesion.
人类的临床数据以及动物实验结果，传统上认为小脑参与了弹道运动的协调及其伴随的姿势调整。小脑参与了对参与同一运动的不同主要肌肉群收缩顺序和持续时间的编码。在正常生活中，这是一个自动的、无意识的过程。最近的研究似乎表明，人类新小脑（外侧半球和齿状核）在调节某些新皮质认知功能中发挥作用。小脑活动的这一新功能方面是从三个截然不同的领域所获结果推断出来的：神经解剖学数据表明在灵长类动物中新小脑与联合区和边缘区之间存在有时是相互的通路；神经心理学数据评估了一些小脑病变患者中存在的纯粹认知障碍；以及功能成像数据指出健康受试者在非运动任务期间小脑的激活。由此可以推断，由于有了新的皮质靶点，小脑可以调节感觉、程序性、语言和情感活动，因此根据病变的严重程度和位置，小脑病变可能会继发认知和情感综合征。
