McIntyre G T, McIntyre G M
Department of Orthodontics, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School.
Br Dent J. 2002 Mar 9;192(5):251-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4801349.
The relationship between the eruption of the deciduous teeth and the general health of infants has been documented for over 5,000 years. A variety of physical disturbances (anything from minor upsets to potentially fatal illnesses) have historically been attributed to teething, however a number of recent publications have alluded to a clarification of some of the disputed features of teething. It is now accepted that the localised symptoms of teething vary between individuals, however, 'teething' continues to be an inappropriate diagnosis proffered by both healthcare professionals and lay people. Severe systemic upsets are unrelated to teething and, if present, the infant should be promptly referred to a physician for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The treatment modalities used in teething have been diverse throughout the ages, frequently depending on the tenets of the medical profession and lay people, but now principally involve pain relief. This article examines the signs and symptoms frequently attributed to teething and their possible alternative causes. The contemporary principles of the management of teething are discussed, including supportive measures, the diverse range of available topical and systemic pharmacological preparations and the 'alternative' holistic therapies.
乳牙萌出与婴儿总体健康之间的关系已有5000多年的记载。从历史上看，各种身体不适（从轻微不适到潜在的致命疾病）都被归因于出牙，然而最近的一些出版物提到了对出牙一些有争议特征的澄清。现在人们认识到，出牙的局部症状因人而异，然而，“出牙”仍然是医疗保健专业人员和外行人都提出的不恰当诊断。严重的全身性不适与出牙无关，如果出现这种情况，应立即将婴儿转诊给医生进行准确诊断和适当治疗。各个时代用于出牙的治疗方式多种多样，这通常取决于医学专业人员和外行人的信条，但现在主要涉及缓解疼痛。本文探讨了经常归因于出牙的体征和症状及其可能的其他原因。讨论了出牙管理的当代原则，包括支持性措施、各种可用的局部和全身药理学制剂以及“替代”整体疗法。
