McMaster W C, Stauffer E S
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1975 Oct(112):44-52.
Principles of management of long bone fractures in patients with spinal cord injuries vary with the type of fracture and duration of quadriplegia. Class I fractures (acute injuries) are managed by existing principles of long bone fracture management with a tendency to open reduction and internal fixation to dispense with the necessity of plaster casts on insensate skin. Class II fractures (pathologic--osteoporotic) heal well, require minimal specific treatment, and open reduction is usually contraindicated. Class III fractures (acute injuries in chronic paraplegia) are treated with methods least likely to disrupt the patient's life style in a wheelchair. Open reduction should be used whenever there are difficulties with circular casts and traction methods.
脊髓损伤患者长骨骨折的治疗原则因骨折类型和四肢瘫持续时间而异。I类骨折（急性损伤）采用现有的长骨骨折治疗原则，倾向于切开复位内固定，以免除在感觉缺失皮肤上使用石膏的必要性。II类骨折（病理性——骨质疏松性）愈合良好，所需的特殊治疗极少，通常禁忌切开复位。III类骨折（慢性截瘫患者的急性损伤）采用对患者轮椅生活方式干扰最小的方法进行治疗。当环形石膏和牵引方法出现困难时，应采用切开复位。
