Snowden Robert J
School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom.
Psychol Sci. 2002 Mar;13(2):180-4. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00433.
Although transient changes in luminance have been well documented to automatically attract attention to their location, experiments looking at abrupt changes in color have failed to find similar attentional capture. These results are consistent with current theories of the role of the magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) streams that postulate that the M stream, which is "color-blind," plays the dominant role in guiding attention and eye movements. The experiment reported here used stimuli that contained only information defined by color, and masked residual luminance information with dynamic noise, to assess the capacity of purely chromatic cues to automatically guide spatial attention. Such stimuli were as effective as those containing large luminance signals in guiding attention. To the extent that these purely chromatic signals isolated the P stream, these results suggest that this stream is also capable of automatic attentional capture. Hence, color vision not only aids target identification but also is a strong aid for target detection and localization.
尽管已有充分记录表明亮度的瞬间变化会自动吸引注意力至其位置，但研究颜色突然变化的实验却未能发现类似的注意力捕获现象。这些结果与当前关于大细胞（M）和小细胞（P）通路作用的理论一致，该理论假定“色盲”的M通路在引导注意力和眼球运动中起主导作用。此处报告的实验使用仅包含颜色定义信息的刺激，并通过动态噪声掩盖残留的亮度信息，以评估纯颜色线索自动引导空间注意力的能力。此类刺激在引导注意力方面与包含大亮度信号的刺激一样有效。就这些纯颜色信号分离出P通路而言，这些结果表明该通路也能够进行自动注意力捕获。因此，颜色视觉不仅有助于目标识别，而且对目标检测和定位也有很大帮助。
