Buchheim Anna, Strauss Bernhard, Kächele Horst
Abteilung Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin, Universität Ulm, Germany.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2002 Mar-Apr;52(3-4):128-33. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-24958.
In recent years, there is a growing acceptance of attachment theory in different fields of psychosocial medicine. This article reviews findings of clinical attachment research - mainly based upon the Adult Attachment Interview - related to three psychological disorders, i.e. Anxiety Disorders, Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder. Whilst there are some indications for a differentiation of de- and hyperactivating attachment strategies connected to depressive disorders, the findings related to anxiety and Borderline Personality Disorders clearly indicate a predominance of preoccupied attachment patterns combined unresolved traumatic experiences. The need for a further differentiation of attachment related features within clinical samples should be considered in the future. Specifically, a differentiation of "organized" vs. "disorganized" attachment representations seems to be promising.
近年来，依恋理论在社会心理医学的不同领域越来越被接受。本文回顾了临床依恋研究的结果——主要基于成人依恋访谈——涉及三种心理障碍，即焦虑症、抑郁症和边缘型人格障碍。虽然有一些迹象表明与抑郁症相关的去激活和过度激活依恋策略存在差异，但与焦虑症和边缘型人格障碍相关的研究结果清楚地表明，过度投入的依恋模式与未解决的创伤经历占主导地位。未来应考虑在临床样本中进一步区分与依恋相关的特征。具体而言，区分“有组织的”与“无组织的”依恋表征似乎很有前景。
