Meyer Björn, Ajchenbrenner Muriel, Bowles David P
City University, London, UK.
J Pers Disord. 2005 Dec;19(6):641-58. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2005.19.6.641.
Both avoidant and borderline personality disorder (APD and BPD) are theoretically associated with temperamental vulnerabilities, adverse attachment experiences, and negative (pessimistic or catastrophic) reactions to the threat of perceived rejection; however, more work is needed to differentiate how these processes account for the etiology and maintenance of both disorders. In this study, 156 adults completed questionnaires measuring APD and BPD features, temperament (sensory-processing sensitivity), mood, and attachment experiences. A vignette task was devised to examine pessimistic cognitive-affective reactions in situations signaling potential rejection. Both APD and BPD were associated with temperamental sensitivity, but BPD was uniquely linked with a subscale measuring sensitivity to mental and emotive stimuli, whereas APD was uniquely linked with a subscale measuring the control and avoidance of aversive stimulation. Compared to APD, BPD was more strongly linked with negative moods (anxiety, anger, sadness) and insecure attachment to parents, whereas APD was more strongly linked (than BPD) to pessimistic cognitive-affective responses to rejection-related situations.
回避型人格障碍和边缘型人格障碍（APD和BPD）在理论上都与气质易感性、不良依恋经历以及对感知到的被拒绝威胁的消极（悲观或灾难性）反应有关；然而，需要开展更多工作来区分这些过程如何解释这两种障碍的病因和维持机制。在本研究中，156名成年人完成了测量APD和BPD特征、气质（感觉处理敏感性）、情绪和依恋经历的问卷。设计了一个 vignette任务来检查在预示潜在拒绝的情况下的悲观认知情感反应。APD和BPD都与气质敏感性有关，但BPD与一个测量对心理和情感刺激敏感性的子量表独特相关，而APD与一个测量对厌恶刺激的控制和回避的子量表独特相关。与APD相比，BPD与消极情绪（焦虑、愤怒、悲伤）和对父母的不安全依恋联系更紧密，而APD（比BPD）与对与拒绝相关情况的悲观认知情感反应联系更紧密。
