尼泊尔的扩大免疫规划疫苗接种

EPI vaccination in Nepal.

作者信息

Jha N, Kannan A T, Paudel I S, Niraula S

机构信息

Department of Community Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

出版信息

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2001 Sep;32(3):547-52.

PMID:11944715

Abstract

A number of surveys, small or large, have been undertaken by various agencies for coverage evaluation of immunization programs. The most commonly used design is the WHO-30 cluster sampling method. Other new methods are the Institute for Refresh Medical Statistics (IRMS) New Delhi method and the lot quality assurance sampling method. This paper describes the National Immunization Day (NID) method to evaluate the immunization coverage of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) vaccines in the Sunsari district of Nepal. A total number of 3,332 respondents (69.4% females and 30.6% males) were interviewed regarding the immunization status of their children during NID. The children with complete immunization (BCG, measles and three doses of DPT and OPV) were 65.7%. The individual coverage by EPI vaccines (except OPV III and measles) was more than 80%. The result shows that there is positive relationship between immunization coverage and educational level of the respondents.

摘要

多个机构开展了许多规模或大或小的调查，以评估免疫规划的覆盖情况。最常用的设计是世卫组织30群组抽样方法。其他新方法包括新德里刷新医学统计研究所（IRMS）方法和批质量保证抽样方法。本文描述了在尼泊尔孙萨里县评估扩大免疫规划（EPI）疫苗免疫覆盖率的全国免疫日（NID）方法。在全国免疫日期间，共采访了3332名受访者（69.4%为女性，30.6%为男性），了解其子女的免疫状况。完全免疫（卡介苗、麻疹以及三剂白百破疫苗和口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗）的儿童比例为65.7%。除第三剂口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗和麻疹疫苗外，EPI疫苗的个体接种率超过80%。结果表明，免疫覆盖率与受访者的教育水平之间存在正相关关系。