Albisetti Manuela, Andrew Maureen
Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Eur J Pediatr. 2002 Feb;161(2):71-7. doi: 10.1007/s00431-001-0873-9.
Low molecular weight heparins potentially have significant advantages over unfractionated heparin and oral anticoagulants for both the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic events in children. Compared to standard heparin, low molecular weight heparins have superior bioavailability, a longer half-life, and a dose-independent clearance, which results in a more predictable anticoagulant response. Low molecular weight heparins are administered subcutaneously and require minimal laboratory monitoring and dose adjustment, offering important benefits to children with poor venous access. In addition, complications including osteoporosis and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia are relatively rare with low molecular weight heparins compared to unfractionated heparin.
based on the available data, low molecular weight heparins seem to be an efficient and safe alternative to standard anticoagulation therapy with unfractionated heparin and oral anticoagulants for both treatment and prevention of thromboembolic events in children of varying ages and underlying disorders.
在儿童血栓栓塞事件的预防和治疗方面，低分子肝素相较于普通肝素和口服抗凝剂可能具有显著优势。与标准肝素相比，低分子肝素具有更高的生物利用度、更长的半衰期以及与剂量无关的清除率，这导致抗凝反应更可预测。低分子肝素通过皮下给药，所需的实验室监测和剂量调整极少，这为静脉通路不佳的儿童带来了重要益处。此外，与普通肝素相比，低分子肝素引起骨质疏松和肝素诱导的血小板减少等并发症相对较少。
基于现有数据，对于不同年龄和潜在疾病的儿童，在血栓栓塞事件的治疗和预防方面，低分子肝素似乎是普通肝素和口服抗凝剂标准抗凝治疗的一种有效且安全的替代方法。
