Imamura Akifumi
Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital.
Nihon Rinsho. 2002 Apr;60(4):757-62.
AIDS-defining opportunistic illness(OIs) are the major cause of mortality among persons infected with HIV. The incidences of many OIs are decreasing because of advances in HIV-related therapy. These decreases have been attributed to successful OI prophylaxis and the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART). Patients who have responded to HAART and have a sustained increase in CD4+ cell counts appear to be well protected from OIs. Thus, a strategy of discontinuation of chemoprophylaxis for patients whose immunity has improved seems logical. HAART is the most effective approach to preventing OIs. However, OIs are still occurring, especially when patients access care late during the course of disease. Prophylaxis and treatment against specific OIs continues to provide survival benefits even among persons who are receiving HAART.
获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）定义的机会性感染（OIs）是艾滋病毒感染者死亡的主要原因。由于与艾滋病毒相关治疗的进展，许多机会性感染的发病率正在下降。这些下降归因于成功的机会性感染预防和高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）的使用。对HAART有反应且CD4 +细胞计数持续增加的患者似乎能很好地预防机会性感染。因此，对于免疫力已改善的患者停止化学预防的策略似乎是合理的。HAART是预防机会性感染最有效的方法。然而，机会性感染仍在发生，尤其是当患者在疾病过程中很晚才获得治疗时。即使在接受HAART的人群中，针对特定机会性感染的预防和治疗仍能带来生存益处。
