Satia-Abouta Jessie, Patterson Ruth E, Schiller Rebecca N, Kristal Alan R
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Research Program, 1100 Fairview Avenue N., MP-702, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA.
Prev Med. 2002 May;34(5):493-501. doi: 10.1006/pmed.2002.1018.
Diets high in fat have been proposed as one cause of obesity, primarily because fat is more energy-dense than other macronutrients. However, the literature on fat consumption and human obesity is inconclusive. This research examines associations between dietary fat intake and obesity in men participating in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial.
Data in this cross-sectional study are from 15,266 men (55-79 years) who completed questionnaires on usual diet, physical activity, and health-related characteristics. Height and weight were collected by clinic personnel. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2.
In this healthy cohort, 23.3% were obese. Younger age, a sedentary lifestyle, lower education, and black race were positively associated with obesity (all P < 0.001). Using two statistical approaches, both total energy and energy from fat, but not total energy from other macronutrients, increased linearly and significantly with increasing BMI. Mean fat intake increased from 691 kcal (31.4% energy) among normal-BMI men to 797 kcal (34.3% energy) among the obese (P for trend <0.001). After controlling for demographic and health-related characteristics in regression models, BMI increased by 0.53 and 0.14 kg/m(2) for every 500 kcal of fat and total energy consumed, respectively. Energy underreporting, based on estimated basal metabolic rate and physical activity, was fourfold higher among obese compared to normal-weight men.
In this large cohort of healthy older men, energy from fat was associated with obesity, suggesting that high-fat dietary patterns are contributing to the high rates of obesity in U.S. men.
高脂肪饮食被认为是肥胖的一个原因，主要是因为脂肪比其他宏量营养素的能量密度更高。然而，关于脂肪摄入与人类肥胖的文献尚无定论。本研究调查了参与前列腺癌预防试验的男性饮食脂肪摄入量与肥胖之间的关联。
这项横断面研究的数据来自15266名年龄在55 - 79岁之间的男性，他们完成了关于日常饮食、身体活动及健康相关特征的问卷调查。身高和体重由诊所工作人员测量。肥胖定义为体重指数（BMI）大于或等于30kg/m²。
在这个健康队列中，23.3%的人肥胖。年龄较小、久坐不动的生活方式、低教育水平和黑人种族与肥胖呈正相关（所有P < 0.001）。使用两种统计方法，总能量和脂肪能量均随BMI升高呈线性且显著增加，而其他宏量营养素的总能量则不然。正常BMI男性的平均脂肪摄入量从691千卡（占能量的31.4%）增加到肥胖男性的797千卡（占能量的34.3%）（趋势P < 0.001）。在回归模型中控制了人口统计学和健康相关特征后，每摄入500千卡脂肪和总能量，BMI分别增加0.53和0.14kg/m²。根据估计的基础代谢率和身体活动情况，肥胖男性的能量报告不足是正常体重男性的四倍。
在这个由健康老年男性组成的大型队列中，脂肪能量与肥胖有关，这表明高脂肪饮食模式导致了美国男性的高肥胖率。
