Micallef Joëlle, Guillermain Yves, Tardieu Sophie, Hasbroucq Thierry, Possamaï Camille, Jouve Elisabeth, Blin Olivier
Center de Pharmacologie Clinique et d'Evaluations Thérapeutiques et Service de Pharmacologie Clinique, UMR-CNRS-FRE-Université de la Méditerranée, Développement et Pathologie du Mouvement, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France.
Clin Neuropharmacol. 2002 Mar-Apr;25(2):101-6. doi: 10.1097/00002826-200203000-00008.
Ketamine, an antagonist N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor, induces a broad range of anomalies in healthy subjects similar to those observed in psychosis. Previous studies have shown that information sensorimotor processing was impaired in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of subanesthetic doses of ketamine on behavior symptoms and information processing in healthy volunteers. A double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study was performed with eight subjects. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms assessed behavior changes. Information processing was assessed using a choice reaction time. Three experimental factors (stimulus intensity, stimulus response compatibility, and foreperiod duration) chosen to affect a different stage of information processing were manipulated. Our study has demonstrated that administration of ketamine produced significant effects on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms scores. Results on choice reaction time demonstrated a significant longer reaction time under ketamine. Effects of stimulus intensity and compatibility stimulus response were similar under ketamine and under placebo. Moreover, there was a specific interaction between ketamine and foreperiod. This interaction indicated that foreperiod's effect was more prolonged under ketamine (29 ms) than under placebo (17 ms). These results showed that the clinical effects of ketamine were associated with schizophrenic-like impairments on choice reaction time in healthy subjects.
氯胺酮是一种 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂，在健康受试者中会诱发一系列广泛的异常情况，类似于在精神病患者中观察到的情况。先前的研究表明，精神分裂症患者的信息感觉运动处理存在受损。本研究的目的是评估亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮对健康志愿者行为症状和信息处理的影响。对八名受试者进行了一项双盲、交叉、安慰剂对照研究。使用简明精神病评定量表、阴性症状评定量表和阳性症状评定量表评估行为变化。使用选择反应时间评估信息处理情况。对选择的影响信息处理不同阶段的三个实验因素（刺激强度、刺激-反应相容性和刺激前间期持续时间）进行了操控。我们的研究表明，给予氯胺酮对简明精神病评定量表、阴性症状评定量表和阳性症状评定量表得分产生了显著影响。选择反应时间的结果表明，在氯胺酮作用下反应时间显著延长。在氯胺酮和安慰剂作用下，刺激强度和刺激-反应相容性的影响相似。此外，氯胺酮与刺激前间期之间存在特定的相互作用。这种相互作用表明，与安慰剂（17毫秒）相比，氯胺酮作用下刺激前间期的影响持续时间更长（29毫秒）。这些结果表明，氯胺酮的临床效应与健康受试者选择反应时间方面类似精神分裂症的损伤有关。
