Pecquet C, Danis M, Leynadier F
Centre d'Allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris.
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2002 Mar;129(3):303-5.
Anisakis simplex is one of the nematode worms that parasitize sea mammals. When its larvae are accidentally ingested by humans, they can infect the host, resulting in anisakiasis manifested by digestive symptoms, or they may cause an allergic reaction, which in some cases may be severe.
We report three cases of acute urticaria associated with abdominal pain, and hypotension in two of them, starting two to six hours after ingestion of raw fish. The diagnosis of an allergic reaction caused by Anisakis simplex was based on the clinical histories and positive tests for anisakis-specific IgE.
In patients with acute urticaria associated with abdominal symptoms, a history of ingestion of raw fish in the preceeding hours is evocative of gastro-allergic anisakiasis. In association with symptomatic treatment, gastrointestinal endoscopy allows the larvae to be visualized and removed, which may relieve the symptoms and provide a diagnosis before the results of skin testing and serological assay are known.
简单异尖线虫是寄生于海洋哺乳动物的线虫之一。当其幼虫被人类意外摄入时，可感染宿主，导致以消化症状为表现的异尖线虫病，或引发过敏反应，在某些情况下可能较为严重。
我们报告三例与腹痛相关的急性荨麻疹病例，其中两例出现低血压，症状在摄入生鱼后两至六小时开始。由简单异尖线虫引起的过敏反应诊断基于临床病史及异尖线虫特异性IgE检测呈阳性。
对于伴有腹部症状的急性荨麻疹患者，此前数小时内有摄入生鱼的病史提示为胃肠过敏性异尖线虫病。在进行对症治疗的同时，胃肠内镜检查可观察到幼虫并将其取出，这可能缓解症状，并在皮肤试验和血清学检测结果出来之前作出诊断。
