Tan Yu-Mei, Flynn Michael R, Buller Thomas S
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, USA.
Ann Occup Hyg. 2002 Jan;46(1):103-12. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/mef006.
This paper presents a mathematical model to predict breathing-zone overspray concentrations produced during spray painting as a function of the overspray generation rate, ventilation and work practices. The overspray generation rate required an estimate of the spray gun transfer efficiency, which was provided by a previously developed mathematical model. These models were evaluated in the field under two different scenarios: first in a controlled environment that approximated the assumptions of models, and then under actual spray painting conditions. Results from the first test showed the model overestimated transfer efficiency, but the measured exposures and predicted exposures were not significantly different. During actual spray painting operations, all task exposures were within a factor of three of the model predictions, and there was no statistical difference between the measured and predicted values. The predicted average exposure of each worker was within the 95% confidence interval. The overall mean exposure was within one standard error of the model prediction. The current study expands on the original exposure model by including a transfer efficiency model to provide a better estimate of the overspray generation rate. The theoretical foundation between exposure and its primary determinants is established, and this knowledge can be applied to design and can evaluate optimal control interventions. Also, the general methodology presented here for developing an exposure model is applicable to operations other than spray painting.
本文提出了一个数学模型，用于预测喷漆过程中呼吸区的过喷浓度，该浓度是过喷产生率、通风和工作实践的函数。过喷产生率需要对喷枪传输效率进行估算，这由先前开发的数学模型提供。这些模型在两种不同场景下进行了现场评估：首先在一个近似模型假设的受控环境中，然后在实际喷漆条件下。第一次测试的结果表明，该模型高估了传输效率，但实测暴露量和预测暴露量没有显著差异。在实际喷漆操作中，所有任务暴露量均在模型预测值的三倍以内，实测值和预测值之间没有统计学差异。每个工人的预测平均暴露量在95%置信区间内。总体平均暴露量在模型预测的一个标准误差范围内。当前研究通过纳入传输效率模型对原始暴露模型进行了扩展，以更好地估算过喷产生率。建立了暴露与其主要决定因素之间的理论基础，这些知识可应用于设计并评估最佳控制干预措施。此外，这里提出的开发暴露模型的一般方法适用于喷漆以外的操作。
