Rho Hye-Won, Choi Min-Ji, Lee Ji-Na, Park Jin-Woo, Kim Jong-Suk, Park Byung-Hyun, Sohn Hee-Sook, Kim Hyung-Rho
Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Medical Sciences, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, South Korea.
Life Sci. 2002 Mar 8;70(16):1923-34. doi: 10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01480-7.
Vibrio vulnificus is an estuarian bacterium that causes septicemia and serious wound infection. The cytolysin, one of the important virulence determinants in V. vulnificus infection, has been reported to have lethal activity primarily by increasing pulmonary vascular permeability. In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanism of V. vulnificus cytolysin in cultured pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells, which are possible target cells of cytolysin in vivo. V. vulnificus cytolysin caused the CPAE cell damages with elevation of the cytosolic free Ca2+, DNA fragmentation, and decrease of the cellular NAD+ and ATP level. These cytotoxic effects of V. vulnificus cytolysin were prevented by EGTA and aminobenzamide, but were not affected by verapamil or catalase. These results indicate that the elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by V. vulnificus cytolysin causes the increase of DNA fragmentation and the damaged DNA activates nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, which depletes the cellular NAD+ and ATP, resulting in cell death.
