Chen D, Colditz I G, Glenn G M, Tsonis C G
CSIRO Livestock Industries, Pastoral Research Laboratory, Locked Bag 1, Post Office, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2002 Jul;86(3-4):177-82. doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(02)00037-5.
Direct application of antigens to skin together with an adjuvant, a procedure called transcutaneous immunization (TCI), can induce systemic immune responses in mice, humans, cats and dogs. In previous studies we found that cholera toxin (CT) applied topically on unbroken skin induces systemic antibody and lymphocyte proliferative responses in sheep. The current study examined whether concurrent administration of CT and tetanus toxoid (TT) delivered transcutaneously could induce specific antibody responses to both antigens in sheep. Antibodies to both TT and CT were induced by TCI although antibody titres in serum to TT were higher in sheep receiving TT plus alum by intramuscular injection (n=5) than TT plus CT by TCI (n=5). The ratio of IgG1/IgG2 antibody to TT in serum was near unity, and the route of immunization, TCI versus injection, did not influence this ratio. In contrast, the ratio of IgG1/IgG2 antibody differed significantly between the two antigens, TT and CT, delivered by TCI, with a higher proportion of IgG1 antibody in serum to CT than TT. Antibody to TT was detected in lung washes from TCI and injection groups, with IgG1 predominating over IgG2 in both groups. IgA antibodies to CT and TT were detected in sera of CT and TT-immunized groups respectively but in lung washes IgA antibody to TT was detected only in the injection group. Results show that TCI induced systemic antibody responses to CT and the co-administered antigen TT, whereas no evidence was obtained for mucosal IgA responses following TCI.
将抗原与佐剂一起直接应用于皮肤，这一过程称为经皮免疫（TCI），可在小鼠、人类、猫和狗中诱导全身免疫反应。在先前的研究中，我们发现局部应用于完整皮肤的霍乱毒素（CT）可在绵羊中诱导全身抗体和淋巴细胞增殖反应。本研究检测了经皮同时给予CT和破伤风类毒素（TT）是否能在绵羊中诱导对两种抗原的特异性抗体反应。尽管通过肌肉注射接受TT加明矾的绵羊（n = 5）血清中针对TT的抗体滴度高于通过TCI接受TT加CT的绵羊（n = 5），但TCI仍诱导了针对TT和CT的抗体。血清中针对TT的IgG1/IgG2抗体比例接近1，免疫途径（TCI与注射）不影响该比例。相比之下，通过TCI递送的两种抗原TT和CT之间，IgG1/IgG2抗体比例存在显著差异，血清中针对CT的IgG1抗体比例高于TT。在TCI组和注射组的肺灌洗液中均检测到针对TT的抗体，两组中IgG1均占主导地位。在CT和TT免疫组的血清中分别检测到针对CT和TT的IgA抗体，但仅在注射组的肺灌洗液中检测到针对TT的IgA抗体。结果表明，TCI诱导了对CT和共同给予的抗原TT的全身抗体反应，而未获得TCI后黏膜IgA反应的证据。
