Laurell L, Hochbergs P, Rydholm U, Wingstrand H
Department of Paediatrics, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
Acta Radiol. 2002 Mar;43(2):213-6. doi: 10.1080/028418502127347808.
To determine the normal values of the anterior and posterior capsular distances of the hip joint in healthy children by means of US, using MR imaging as reference, and to evaluate any possible correlation between age, length, weight and anterior capsular distance (ACD).
In our first study both hips in 14 healthy children (5-18 years old) were examined with US and MR to obtain measurements of the ACD and the posterior capsular distance (PCD). The distance from the anterior or posterior aspect of the femoral neck to the anterior or posterior aspect, respectively, of the outer limit of the capsule was determined. The distances were measured both with the hips in spontaneous external rotation of 10-15 degrees and in internal rotation of 45 degrees. In our second study, both hips in 28 healthy children (3-16 years old) were examined with US to determine the ACD. Age, length and weight were recorded.
Study I: There was good correlation between the US and MR measurements in all positions. The ACD measured by US was significantly increased in inward rotation of the hip. Study II: There was no correlation between ACD and age, length or weight.
The PCD of the hip joint can be accurately measured by US with the hip in internal rotation of 45 degrees. When compared with MR values, the ACD measured by US was dependent on the degree of rotation of the leg and increased significantly in internal rotation. Because the outer limit of the external layer of the joint capsule is sonographically more distinct, we suggest that the capsular distance should be measured from the outer limit of the joint capsule to the anterior or posterior aspect of the femoral neck. The measurement should be made perpendicular to the femoral neck, at the position where the greatest numerical value is obtained.
以磁共振成像（MR）为参照，通过超声确定健康儿童髋关节前后关节囊距离的正常值，并评估年龄、身高、体重与前关节囊距离（ACD）之间的可能相关性。
在我们的第一项研究中，对14名健康儿童（5至18岁）的双侧髋关节进行超声和MR检查，以获取ACD和后关节囊距离（PCD）的测量值。分别测定股骨颈前侧或后侧至关节囊外侧界限前侧或后侧的距离。在髋关节自然外旋10至15度和内旋45度的情况下均进行距离测量。在我们的第二项研究中，对28名健康儿童（3至16岁）的双侧髋关节进行超声检查以确定ACD。记录年龄、身高和体重。
研究I：在所有体位下，超声与MR测量值之间均具有良好的相关性。超声测量的ACD在髋关节内旋时显著增加。研究II：ACD与年龄、身高或体重之间无相关性。
髋关节处于45度内旋位时，可通过超声准确测量PCD。与MR值相比，超声测量的ACD取决于腿部的旋转程度，在内旋时显著增加。由于关节囊外层的外侧界限在超声检查中更清晰，我们建议关节囊距离应从关节囊外侧界限至股骨颈的前侧或后侧进行测量。测量应在获得最大数值的位置垂直于股骨颈进行。
