Check J H
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2002;29(1):5-10.
Progesterone (P) is an essential hormone to allow the establishment of a pregnancy and to prevent spontaneous abortion during the first trimester. One way to treat P deficiency is simply to supplement extra P during the luteal phase and during the first trimester. Another way to increase serum P is to use follicle maturing drugs. However, these latter drugs may also cause an increase in contra-P hormones so that luteal phase deficiency is common when anovulatory women are treated with follicle maturing drugs. Improved pregnancy and especially reduced miscarriage rates, will be found when P is supplemented in the luteal phase in women requiring follicle maturing drugs. When women have fairly regular cycles and appear to be ovulating they may still have endometrial biopsies that are out of phase and be classified as having luteal phase defects (LPD). A slight majority of women with LPD make mature follicles and respond much better to supplemental P than to follicle maturing drugs. In some cases the use of follicle maturing drugs creates a hostile uterine environment possibly related to premature trophoblast invasion.
孕酮（P）是一种至关重要的激素，有助于妊娠的建立，并防止孕早期的自然流产。治疗孕酮缺乏的一种方法是在黄体期和孕早期简单地补充额外的孕酮。另一种增加血清孕酮的方法是使用促卵泡成熟药物。然而，这些药物也可能导致抗孕酮激素增加，因此，无排卵女性使用促卵泡成熟药物时，黄体期缺陷很常见。对于需要使用促卵泡成熟药物的女性，在黄体期补充孕酮时，妊娠情况会改善，尤其是流产率会降低。当女性月经周期相当规律且似乎有排卵时，她们的子宫内膜活检结果仍可能不同步，并被归类为黄体期缺陷（LPD）。大多数有黄体期缺陷的女性会形成成熟卵泡，补充孕酮比使用促卵泡成熟药物的反应要好得多。在某些情况下，使用促卵泡成熟药物会造成子宫内环境不利，这可能与滋养层过早侵入有关。
