Samardakiewicz M, Kowalczyk J, Antonowicz M, Budzińska-Skowronska U, Boguslawska-Jaworska J, Mazurowa M, Mazur A, Rokicka-Milewska R, Bukowska-Posadzy A, Kołecki P, Maroczkaniec E, Slazak D, Sońta-Jakimczyk D, Szweda E, Armata J, Budziński W, Balcerska A
Klinika Hematologii i Onkologii Dzieciecej, AM w Lublin, Poland.
Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2000;4(1 Suppl 2):131-8.
Intensive chemotherapy programme in children with cancer may result in psychological mal adjustment. Treatment facilities as well as psychological support are of great importance to minimize these side effects. In 1998 the programme of psychological support was introduced in 7 Polish paediatric haematology / oncology centres. Psychological adjustment of patients treated in each centre was examined 5 yrs after the termination of therapy. At the same time children with new diagnosis of cancer were monitored psychologically along with the psychological support programme. Psychological status of each patient was examined with the following tests: Cattell's questionnaires (CPQ, HSPQ), Manifest Anxiety Scale, Spielberger's inventories (STAI, STAIC), Wechsler Intelligence Scale. The programme of psychological support was based on guidelines of SIOP Psychosocial Committee and included such elements as informing about diagnosis and treatment, explaining any doubt, maintaining an open communication, educational care in the periods of treatment, encouraging to activity even during periods of discomfort. The analysis showed that most of the participating centres could only provide some elements of the support programme. The main problem was to convince medical staff to inform children on diagnosis and treatment plans. Preliminary results of the study indicate that full psychological support for children with cancer and their families from the beginning of therapy can result in improvement in psychological adjustment. During the ensuing period, patients and their parents appreciate the possibilities to contact a psychologist.
针对患癌儿童的强化化疗方案可能会导致心理适应不良。治疗设施以及心理支持对于将这些副作用降至最低非常重要。1998年，7家波兰儿科血液学/肿瘤学中心引入了心理支持方案。在治疗结束5年后，对每个中心接受治疗的患者的心理适应情况进行了检查。与此同时，对新诊断出癌症的儿童以及心理支持方案进行了心理监测。通过以下测试对每位患者的心理状态进行了检查：卡特尔问卷（儿童个性问卷、高中个性问卷）、显性焦虑量表、斯皮尔伯格量表（状态-特质焦虑量表、状态焦虑量表儿童版）、韦氏智力量表。心理支持方案基于国际小儿肿瘤学会心理社会委员会的指导方针，包括告知诊断和治疗情况、解释任何疑问、保持开放沟通、在治疗期间提供教育关怀、即使在不适期间也鼓励活动等内容。分析表明，大多数参与中心只能提供支持方案的一些内容。主要问题是说服医务人员告知儿童诊断和治疗计划。该研究的初步结果表明，从治疗开始就为患癌儿童及其家庭提供全面的心理支持可以改善心理适应情况。在随后的时期，患者及其父母对能够联系心理学家表示赞赏。
