Bern Caryn, Ortega Ynes, Checkley William, Roberts Jacquelin M, Lescano Andres G, Cabrera Lilia, Verastegui Manuela, Black Robert E, Sterling Charles, Gilman Robert H
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Jun;8(6):581-5. doi: 10.3201/eid0806.01-0331.
We compared the epidemiologic characteristics of cyclosporiasis and cryptosporidiosis in data from a cohort study of diarrhea in a periurban community near Lima, Peru. Children had an average of 0.20 episodes of cyclosporiasis/year and 0.22 episodes of cryptosporidiosis/year of follow-up. The incidence of cryptosporidiosis peaked at 0.42 for 1-year-old children and declined to 0.06 episodes/child-year for 5- to 9-year-old children. In contrast, the incidence of cyclosporiasis was fairly constant among 1- to 9-year-old children (0.21 to 0.28 episodes/child-year). Likelihood of diarrhea decreased significantly with each episode of cyclosporiasis; for cryptosporidiosis, this trend was not statistically significant. Both infections were more frequent during the warm season (December to May) than the cooler season (June to November). Cryptosporidiosis was more frequent in children from houses without a latrine or toilet. Cyclosporiasis was associated with ownership of domestic animals, especially birds, guinea pigs, and rabbits.
我们在秘鲁利马附近一个城郊社区腹泻队列研究的数据中，比较了环孢子虫病和隐孢子虫病的流行病学特征。儿童在随访期间，平均每年发生0.20次环孢子虫病发作和0.22次隐孢子虫病发作。隐孢子虫病的发病率在1岁儿童中达到峰值0.42，在5至9岁儿童中降至0.06次/儿童年。相比之下，环孢子虫病在1至9岁儿童中的发病率相当稳定（0.21至0.28次/儿童年）。每发作一次环孢子虫病，腹泻的可能性就显著降低；对于隐孢子虫病，这种趋势在统计学上并不显著。这两种感染在温暖季节（12月至5月）比凉爽季节（6月至11月）更频繁。没有厕所或卫生间的家庭中的儿童感染隐孢子虫病更为频繁。环孢子虫病与家畜饲养有关，尤其是鸟类、豚鼠和兔子。
