Gillespie N A, Zhu G, Heath A C, Hickie I B, Martin N G
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, University of Queensland, Joint Genetics Program, Brisbane, Australia.
Psychol Med. 2000 Sep;30(5):1051-61. doi: 10.1017/s0033291799002640.
Somatoform disorders such as neurasthenia and chronic fatigue syndrome are characterized by a combination of prolonged mental and physical fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the heritability of somatic distress and determine whether this dimension is aetiologically distinct from measures of depression and anxiety.
Measures of anxiety, depression, phobic anxiety, somatic distress and sleep difficulty were administered in a self-report questionnaire to a community-based sample of 3469 Australian twin individuals aged 18 to 28 years. Factor analysis using a Promax rotation, produced four factors: depression, phobic anxiety, somatic distress and sleep disturbance. Multivariate and univariate genetic analyses of the raw categorical data scores for depression, phobic anxiety and depression were then analysed in Mx1.47.
Univariate genetic analysis revealed that an additive genetic and non-shared environmental (AE) model best explained individual differences in depression and phobic anxiety scores, for male and female twins alike, but could not resolve whether additive genes or shared environment were responsible for significant familial aggregation in somatic distress. However, multivariate genetic analysis showed that an additive genetic and non-shared environment (AE) model best explained the covariation between the three factors. Furthermore, 33 % of the genetic variance in somatic distress was due to specific gene action unrelated to depression or phobic anxiety. In addition, 74% of the individual environmental influence on somatic distress was also unrelated to depression or phobic anxiety.
These results support previous findings that somatic symptoms are relatively aetiologically distinct both genetically and environmentally from symptoms of anxiety and depression.
诸如神经衰弱和慢性疲劳综合征等躯体形式障碍的特征是长期的精神和身体疲劳。本研究旨在调查躯体痛苦的遗传性，并确定这一维度在病因上是否与抑郁和焦虑的测量指标不同。
通过一份自填式问卷，对3469名年龄在18至28岁的澳大利亚双胞胎个体进行了社区抽样调查，测量了他们的焦虑、抑郁、恐惧焦虑、躯体痛苦和睡眠困难情况。使用Promax旋转法进行因子分析，得出四个因子：抑郁、恐惧焦虑、躯体痛苦和睡眠障碍。然后在Mx1.47中对抑郁、恐惧焦虑和抑郁的原始分类数据得分进行多变量和单变量遗传分析。
单变量遗传分析表明，加性遗传和非共享环境（AE）模型最能解释男性和女性双胞胎在抑郁和恐惧焦虑得分上的个体差异，但无法确定是加性基因还是共享环境导致了躯体痛苦中的显著家族聚集。然而，多变量遗传分析表明，加性遗传和非共享环境（AE）模型最能解释这三个因子之间的协变。此外，躯体痛苦中33%的遗传变异是由于与抑郁或恐惧焦虑无关的特定基因作用。此外，个体环境对躯体痛苦的影响中，74%也与抑郁或恐惧焦虑无关。
这些结果支持了先前的研究发现，即躯体症状在遗传和环境方面相对独立于焦虑和抑郁症状。
