Tonigan J Scott, Miller William R, Juarez Patricia, Villanueva Miguel
Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87106, USA.
J Stud Alcohol. 2002 Mar;63(2):215-8. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2002.63.215.
Research indicates that Hispanic clients are less likely than non-Hispanic white (NHW) clients to attend Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) after treatment. This study examined how, if at all, the nature of commitment to prescribed AA-related behaviors after treatment differed between Hispanic and non-Hispanic whites, and how such behaviors were associated with drinking reductions.
This retrospective study was conducted using Project MATCH data collected at the Albuquerque clinical research unit. Study aims were investigated using the Form 90, the Alcoholics Anonymous Inventory and the Religious Background and Behavior measures. A total of 100 Hispanic and 105 non-Hispanic clients were randomized to receive either Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) or Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF) therapy, and findings were divided according to whether clients were encouraged to attend AA (TSF) or not (CBT and MET).
Six months after treatment, Hispanic clients assigned to TSF reported significantly less AA attendance relative to NHW clients in TS, and no differences in AA attendance rates were found between Hispanics encouraged and not encouraged to attend AA (TSF vs CBT and MET). Among TSF clients, however, no ethnic differences were found in rates of specific AA-related behaviors. Controlling for intake beliefs, "God Consciousness" after treatment was significantly higher for Hispanic relative to NHW clients, and a main effect of treatment was also obtained (TSF vs CBT and MET). Specific AA-related practices were not associated with increased abstinence, in general.
Despite less frequent AA attendance, Hispanic clients showed increase in AA commitment comparable to that of NHW clients. It thus appears that differential commitment to AA does not explain why Hispanic clients report less frequent AA attendance but equal benefit, relative to NHW clients.
研究表明，西班牙裔患者在治疗后参加戒酒互助会（AA）的可能性低于非西班牙裔白人（NHW）患者。本研究探讨了治疗后西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人对规定的与戒酒互助会相关行为的承诺性质是否存在差异（若存在差异，则探讨差异情况），以及这些行为与饮酒量减少之间的关联。
本回顾性研究使用了在阿尔伯克基临床研究单位收集的匹配项目数据。研究目标通过90表、戒酒互助会量表以及宗教背景与行为测量进行调查。共有100名西班牙裔患者和105名非西班牙裔患者被随机分配接受认知行为疗法（CBT）、动机增强疗法（MET）或十二步促进疗法（TSF），并根据患者是否被鼓励参加戒酒互助会（TSF组）或不被鼓励参加戒酒互助会（CBT组和MET组）对研究结果进行划分。
治疗6个月后，分配到TSF组的西班牙裔患者报告参加戒酒互助会的次数明显少于TSF组中的非西班牙裔白人患者，并且在被鼓励参加戒酒互助会的西班牙裔患者和未被鼓励参加戒酒互助会的西班牙裔患者（TSF组与CBT组和MET组）之间，未发现参加戒酒互助会的比率存在差异。然而，在TSF组患者中，未发现特定的与戒酒互助会相关行为的比率存在种族差异。在控制入组时的信念后，治疗后西班牙裔患者的“上帝意识”显著高于非西班牙裔白人患者，并且还获得了治疗的主效应（TSF组与CBT组和MET组）。一般而言，特定的与戒酒互助会相关的做法与戒酒增加无关。
尽管西班牙裔患者参加戒酒互助会的频率较低，但他们对戒酒互助会的承诺增加程度与非西班牙裔白人患者相当。因此，似乎对戒酒互助会的不同承诺并不能解释为什么西班牙裔患者报告参加戒酒互助会的频率较低，但却能获得与非西班牙裔白人患者同等的益处。
