Skott Carola
Division of Health and Caring Sciences, Institute of Nursing, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Cancer Nurs. 2002 Jun;25(3):230-5. doi: 10.1097/00002820-200206000-00011.
This article presents and interprets illness narratives, told by patients treated for cancer. The aim is to discuss the meaning of cancer metaphors. The interpretation focuses on the relationships of metaphors to bodily experience and to social and cultural levels. The experience of cancer and cancer therapy obviously involve the patient's body. To comprehend what is happening is a process full of uncertainty and obscurity. Metaphors, such as cancer "eating," are widespread and persistent while the meaning of that metaphor today mirrors new scientific and lay explanations of cancer and cancer treatment. Personal newly created metaphors express threatening experiences in which fear of losing oneself and fear of death are involved. Ambivalent hope in relation to treatment and caregivers is expressed. Creating new metaphors involves imaginatively using the available concepts and metaphors. Narrative communication gives access to patients' experiences of an unwanted and painful physiologic process leading to forced embodiment of sickness. Patients want consolation and must overcome solitude by articulating experience, being listened to, and, in this way, recreating and strengthening identity.
本文呈现并解读了癌症患者讲述的患病经历。目的是探讨癌症隐喻的意义。解读聚焦于隐喻与身体体验以及社会文化层面的关系。癌症及癌症治疗的经历显然涉及患者的身体。理解正在发生的事情是一个充满不确定性和模糊性的过程。诸如癌症“吞噬”之类的隐喻广泛存在且持续存在，而该隐喻如今的含义反映了对癌症及癌症治疗的新科学解释和通俗解释。个人新创造的隐喻表达了包含对失去自我的恐惧和对死亡的恐惧的威胁性经历。表达了对治疗和护理人员的矛盾希望。创造新隐喻涉及富有想象力地运用现有的概念和隐喻。叙事交流使人们能够了解患者对一个 unwanted 且痛苦的生理过程的体验，该过程导致疾病的强制体现。患者渴望慰藉，必须通过阐述经历、被倾听，进而以这种方式重塑并强化身份认同来克服孤独感。 （注：“unwanted”此处译文可能不太准确，结合语境推测可能是“ unwanted and painful physiologic process”整体表示“不良且痛苦的生理过程”，但原英文单词单独看不太能准确对应出合适中文表述）
