Bavelier Daphne, Neville Helen J
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Meliora Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002 Jun;3(6):443-52. doi: 10.1038/nrn848.
Animal studies have shown that sensory deprivation in one modality can have striking effects on the development of the remaining modalities. Although recent studies of deaf and blind humans have also provided convincing behavioural, electrophysiological and neuroimaging evidence of increased capabilities and altered organization of spared modalities, there is still much debate about the identity of the brain systems that are changed and the mechanisms that mediate these changes. Plastic changes across brain systems and related behaviours vary as a function of the timing and the nature of changes in experience. This specificity must be understood in the context of differences in the maturation rates and timing of the associated critical periods, differences in patterns of transiently existing connections, and differences in molecular factors across brain systems.
动物研究表明，一种感觉模态的剥夺会对其余感觉模态的发育产生显著影响。尽管最近对失聪和失明人群的研究也提供了令人信服的行为学、电生理学和神经影像学证据，证明了保留模态的能力增强和组织改变，但对于发生变化的脑系统的特性以及介导这些变化的机制仍存在诸多争议。脑系统和相关行为的可塑性变化会随着经验变化的时间和性质而有所不同。这种特异性必须结合相关关键期的成熟速率和时间差异、短暂存在的连接模式差异以及不同脑系统的分子因素差异来理解。
