Mansfield J G
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979;66(1):67-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00431992.
The effects of ethanol on avoidance-avoidance conflict behavior were examined, utilizing a 3- x -3 factorial design in which rats were trained and tested after drinking sugar-water solutions containing 0, 3, or 6% ethanol. Avoidance tendencies were established by initially training rats to escape from electric shock by running in one direction in a white alley, and in the opposite direction in a black alley. In subsequent shock free conflict tests, the rats were placed into an alley with one black wall and one white wall, an environment in which incompatible tendencies to avoid both ends of the alley were aroused. During training, ethanol decreased the speeds with which rats escaped shock. In the subsequent avoidance-avoidance conflict tests, rats that previously received shock escape training after drinking ethanol ran more slowly, and exhibited lower total movement and oscillation range scores than did animals trained after drinking plain sugar-water. Administration of ethanol just prior to the conflict tests resulted in dose-related increases in running speeds, total movement scores, and oscillation ranges. These results suggest that moderate doses of ethanol increased responding by differentially weakening conflicting avoidance tendencies.
利用3×3析因设计研究了乙醇对回避-回避冲突行为的影响，其中大鼠在饮用含0%、3%或6%乙醇的糖水后进行训练和测试。通过最初训练大鼠在白色通道中朝一个方向奔跑、在黑色通道中朝相反方向奔跑以逃避电击来建立回避倾向。在随后无电击的冲突测试中，将大鼠放入有一面黑墙和一面白墙的通道中，这种环境会引发大鼠在通道两端产生不相容的回避倾向。在训练期间，乙醇降低了大鼠逃避电击的速度。在随后的回避-回避冲突测试中，之前饮用乙醇后接受电击逃避训练的大鼠跑得更慢，与饮用纯糖水后训练的动物相比，其总活动量和摆动范围得分更低。在冲突测试前立即给予乙醇导致奔跑速度、总活动量得分和摆动范围呈剂量相关增加。这些结果表明，中等剂量的乙醇通过差异性地减弱冲突的回避倾向来增加反应。
