Stewart R B, Gatto G J, Lumeng L, Li T K, Murphy J M
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46205.
Alcohol. 1993 Jan-Feb;10(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(93)90046-q.
Rats of the selectively bred alcohol-preferring P and alcohol-nonpreferring NP lines were evaluated using three different behavioral measures of anxiety. Compared with NP rats, P rats (1) showed greater footshock-induced suppression of operant responding in an approach-avoidance conflict test; (2) spent less time in the open arms of an elevated plus maze; and (3) took longer in a passive avoidance test to step down from a platform to a grid floor where footshock was received 24 hours earlier. These findings indicate a greater degree of anxiety in the P than in the NP line of rats in these situations. Pretreatment with intraperitoneal (IP) ethanol (0.5-1.0 g/kg) injections produced anticonflict or anxiolytic effects in P but not in NP rats. However, the anticonflict effects of ethanol were small relative to those produced by chlordiazepoxide (CDP, 7.5 mg/kg) in both lines. The results demonstrate that selective breeding for divergent oral ethanol preference has produced associated differences between the P and NP lines of rats in behavioral tests of anxiety and in the anxiolytic effects of ethanol.
使用三种不同的焦虑行为测量方法对选择性培育的嗜酒P品系大鼠和非嗜酒NP品系大鼠进行了评估。与NP大鼠相比，P大鼠：(1) 在避-趋冲突试验中，表现出更强的电击诱导的操作反应抑制；(2) 在高架十字迷宫的开放臂中停留的时间更短；(3) 在被动回避试验中，从平台走到24小时前接受过电击的网格地板上花费的时间更长。这些发现表明，在这些情况下，P品系大鼠比NP品系大鼠的焦虑程度更高。腹腔注射乙醇（0.5-1.0 g/kg）预处理对P大鼠产生了抗冲突或抗焦虑作用，但对NP大鼠没有作用。然而，相对于氯氮卓（CDP，7.5 mg/kg）在两个品系中产生的抗冲突作用，乙醇的抗冲突作用较小。结果表明，对不同口服乙醇偏好进行的选择性育种在大鼠的P品系和NP品系之间产生了焦虑行为测试以及乙醇抗焦虑作用方面的相关差异。
