Ono Yuichiro, Imaeda Toshihiko, Shimaoka Midori, Hiruta Shuichi, Hattori Yoji, Ando Shoko, Hori Fumiko, Tatsumi Asami
Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi-ken, Japan.
Ind Health. 2002 Apr;40(2):149-58. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.40.149.
A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out on nursery school (NS) teachers in public nursery schools in N city in Japan to determine the magnitude of associations of probable risk factors with neck, shoulder, and arm pain, adjusting for potential confounders in logistic regression models. Of 1438 subjects, responded to the questionnaire, 959 NS teachers in charge of a separate or mixed group of children were subjected to analyses. Prevalence of neck and/or shoulder pain was 33.6%-35.4% in NS teachers in charge of children aged 0, 0-1, 4, and 5 in contrast to 25.0-29.8% in those in charge of children aged 1,2, and 3. The prevalence of neck/shoulder pain tended to increase with the length of employment in all groups classified according to the age of children under care. In a logistic regression model that simultaneously adjusted demographic and personal variables, length of employment and care for children aged 0 in the workplace were found significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain. In further logistic models, pain in the neck/shoulders and arms had associations with some specific variables: care for children aged 0, holding/lifting a child/material, overwork, and poorly supported job situations. The odds ratios for those variables varied from 1.37 to 2.41. This results suggest that pain in the neck/shoulders and arms is induced by a wide variety of risk factors in NS teachers that include high physical workload, long working hours, job demand-support imbalance, and cumulative influence of workloads.
在日本N市的公立幼儿园对幼儿园教师进行了一项横断面问卷调查研究，以确定可能的风险因素与颈部、肩部和手臂疼痛之间的关联程度，并在逻辑回归模型中对潜在混杂因素进行调整。在1438名回复问卷的受试者中，959名负责单独或混合儿童组的幼儿园教师接受了分析。负责0岁、0 - 1岁、4岁和5岁儿童的幼儿园教师中，颈部和/或肩部疼痛的患病率为33.6% - 35.4%，而负责1岁、2岁和3岁儿童的教师中这一比例为25.0% - 29.8%。在所有根据所照顾儿童年龄分类的组中，颈部/肩部疼痛的患病率往往随着工作年限的增加而上升。在一个同时调整人口统计学和个人变量的逻辑回归模型中，发现工作年限和在工作场所照顾0岁儿童与肌肉骨骼疼痛显著相关。在进一步的逻辑模型中，颈部/肩部和手臂疼痛与一些特定变量有关：照顾0岁儿童、抱/举儿童/物品、过度劳累以及工作支持不足的情况。这些变量的比值比在1.37至2.41之间。该结果表明，幼儿园教师颈部/肩部和手臂疼痛是由多种风险因素引起的，包括高体力工作量、长时间工作、工作需求 - 支持不平衡以及工作量的累积影响。
