Jass J R, Walsh M D
Department of Pathology, University of Queensland School of Medicine, Herston Road, Queensland 4006, Australia.
J Cell Mol Med. 2001 Jul-Sep;5(3):327-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2001.tb00169.x.
Early studies of changes in mucin expression in disorders of the gastrointestinal tract focused on alterations in the carbohydrate chain. This review briefly considers the various mechanisms by which such alterations may come about: (a) normal variation, (b) sialic acid alterations, (c) defective assembly of carbohydrate side-chains, (d) changed expression of core proteins and (e) epithelial metaplasia. The availability of monoclonal antibodies to mucin core proteins adds a new dimension to mucin histochemistry. It is now possible to offer explanations for traditional mucin histochemical findings on the basis of lineage-specific patterns of mucin core protein expression. Changes in core protein expression are described in inflammatory, metaplastic and neoplastic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The possibility that mucin change could be important in the aetiology of some diseases such as ulcerative colitis and H. pylori gastritis is considered. It is more probable, however, that changes in mucin expression are secondary to reprogramming of cellular differentiation and altered cell turnover. As such they may serve as markers to explain pathogenesis and provide novel diagnostic and prognostic information.
早期关于胃肠道疾病中黏蛋白表达变化的研究主要集中在碳水化合物链的改变上。本综述简要探讨了导致这些改变的各种机制：（a）正常变异，（b）唾液酸改变，（c）碳水化合物侧链组装缺陷，（d）核心蛋白表达改变，以及（e）上皮化生。针对黏蛋白核心蛋白的单克隆抗体的出现为黏蛋白组织化学增添了新的维度。现在有可能根据黏蛋白核心蛋白表达的谱系特异性模式对传统黏蛋白组织化学结果做出解释。本文描述了胃肠道炎症性、化生和肿瘤性疾病中核心蛋白表达的变化。还探讨了黏蛋白变化在某些疾病如溃疡性结肠炎和幽门螺杆菌胃炎病因学中可能具有重要意义的可能性。然而，更有可能的是，黏蛋白表达的变化是细胞分化重编程和细胞更新改变的继发结果。因此，它们可能作为解释发病机制的标志物，并提供新的诊断和预后信息。
