Mölstad Sigvard, Lundborg Cecilia Stålsby, Karlsson Anna-Karin, Cars Otto
Unit of Research and Development in Primary Care, Jönköping, Sweden.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2002;34(5):366-71. doi: 10.1080/00365540110080034.
There is a lack of data on antibiotic utilization in most European countries. In this study, information about the number of antibiotic prescriptions was obtained for Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and the UK from the Institute for Medical Statistics Health Global Services in the UK. For Denmark and Sweden the information was obtained from the Danish Medicines Agency (Laegemiddelstyrelsen) and the National Corporation of Swedish Pharmacies (Apoteket AB), respectively. Between 1994 and 1997 the number of prescriptions per 1,000 inhabitants increased in France and Greece whilst Portugal, Spain and Sweden reported a decrease. In 1997, Greece (1,350), Spain (1,320) and Belgium (1,070) had the highest numbers of antibiotic prescriptions per 1,000 inhabitants in the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system for drugs group J01 while The Netherlands (390), Sweden (460) and Austria (480) had the lowest. The most common antibiotic drug was extended-spectrum penicillin in 6/13 countries, macrolides in Austria, Finland, Germany and Italy, phenoxymethylpenicillin in Denmark and Sweden and cephalosporins in Greece. The variation in the number of antibiotic prescriptions per 1,000 inhabitants between the 13 European countries was substantial in terms of both total use and use of different antibiotics.
大多数欧洲国家缺乏抗生素使用情况的数据。在本研究中，从英国医学统计健康全球服务机构获取了奥地利、比利时、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、意大利、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙和英国的抗生素处方数量信息。丹麦和瑞典的信息分别来自丹麦药品管理局（丹麦药品管理局）和瑞典国家药房公司（瑞典药房有限公司）。1994年至1997年间，法国和希腊每千名居民的处方数量增加，而葡萄牙、西班牙和瑞典则呈下降趋势。1997年，在药物解剖治疗化学分类系统的J01组中，希腊（1350）、西班牙（1320）和比利时（1070）每千名居民的抗生素处方数量最高，而荷兰（390）、瑞典（460）和奥地利（480）最低。在13个国家中的6个国家，最常用的抗生素药物是广谱青霉素，奥地利、芬兰、德国和意大利是大环内酯类，丹麦和瑞典是苯氧甲基青霉素，希腊是头孢菌素类。就总使用量和不同抗生素的使用量而言，13个欧洲国家每千名居民的抗生素处方数量差异很大。
