Mauel Michael J, Miller Debra L
Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, The University of Georgia, P.O. Box 1389, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
Vet Microbiol. 2002 Jul 22;87(4):279-89. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00085-8.
Piscirickettsia salmonis was the first "rickettsia-like" bacteria to be recognized as a pathogenic agent of fish. Since the first reports of piscirickettsiosis emerged from Chile in the late 1980s, Piscirickettsia-like bacteria have been recognized with increasing frequency in a variety of fish species, from both fresh and saltwaters around the world. Although the first reported incidents of Piscirickettsia were in salmonids, Piscirickettsia-like bacteria are now being frequently associated with disease syndromes in non-salmonid fish. Mortalities have occurred in white seabass (Atactoscion noblis), black seabass (Dicentrarchus sp.), tilapia (Oreochromis, Tilapia and Sarotherodon spp.) and blue-eyed plecostomus (Panaque suttoni). Piscirickettsiosis and piscirickettsiosis-like diseases have affected aquaculture productivity, profitability, the species of fish compatible with commercial rearing, and transportation of fish from site to site. Piscirickettsiosis and syndromes caused by similar bacteria are an emerging disease complex that will increasingly inhibit fish production.
鲑鱼立克次氏体是首个被确认为鱼类病原体的“类立克次氏体”细菌。自20世纪80年代末智利首次报告鱼类立克次氏体病以来，世界各地淡水和咸水中的多种鱼类中，类立克次氏体细菌的发现频率越来越高。尽管首次报告的鲑鱼立克次氏体病例发生在鲑科鱼类中，但类立克次氏体细菌现在经常与非鲑科鱼类的疾病综合征相关联。在白鲈（Atactoscion noblis）、黑鲈（Dicentrarchus sp.）、罗非鱼（Oreochromis、Tilapia和Sarotherodon spp.）以及蓝眼吸甲鲶（Panaque suttoni）中都出现了死亡情况。鱼类立克次氏体病和类鱼类立克次氏体病影响了水产养殖的生产力、盈利能力、适合商业养殖的鱼类种类以及鱼类从一个地点到另一个地点的运输。鱼类立克次氏体病和由类似细菌引起的综合征是一种新兴的疾病复合体，将越来越多地抑制鱼类生产。
