Sims Mario, Rainge Yolanda
Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53715, USA.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2002 Jun;94(6):472-9.
This study examined neighborhood and infant health disparities between African-American and white mothers in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Census-block data were used for 1990 and Vital Statistics data were used for 1992 through 1994. African-American mothers lived in less desirable, more segregated neighborhoods than white mothers did in 1990. African-American infant and neonatal mortality rates were twice those of whites (2.3 and 2.0, respectively), while African-American postneonatal mortality rates were three times that of whites (3.0). African-American low and very low birth weight rates were more than twice those of whites (2.5 and 2.6, respectively). All African-American mothers were nearly eight times as likely as all white mothers to have inadequate prenatal care, whereas poor African-American mothers were three times as likely to have inadequate prenatal care as were poor white mothers. Public health experts and practitioners may want to consider the communities of minority patients to devise interventions suitable for addressing health disparities.
本研究调查了威斯康星州密尔沃基市非裔美国母亲和白人母亲之间的社区及婴儿健康差异。1990年使用了人口普查街区数据，1992年至1994年使用了生命统计数据。1990年，非裔美国母亲居住的社区不如白人母亲的社区理想，种族隔离程度更高。非裔美国婴儿和新生儿死亡率是白人的两倍（分别为2.3和2.0），而非裔美国婴儿后期死亡率是白人的三倍（3.0）。非裔美国低体重和极低体重出生率是白人的两倍多（分别为2.5和2.6）。所有非裔美国母亲获得产前护理不足的可能性几乎是所有白人母亲的八倍，而贫困的非裔美国母亲获得产前护理不足的可能性是贫困白人母亲的三倍。公共卫生专家和从业者可能需要考虑少数族裔患者的社区情况，以设计出适合解决健康差异问题的干预措施。
