儿童小型船只伤害

Beierle Elizabeth A, Chen Mike K, Langham Max R, Kays David W, Talbert James L

Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0286, USA.

Am Surg. 2002 Jun;68(6):535-8; discussion 538.

The speed and use of small watercraft have increased dramatically in recent years. We report our experience with pediatric trauma resulting from small watercraft accidents. We conducted a retrospective chart review including all children admitted with injuries sustained in small watercraft accidents. Sixteen children were included; nine were injured in jet ski accidents and seven in accidents involving other craft. Jet ski accidents tended to result in more serious injuries (closed-head injuries, hollow and solid viscus injuries, chest trauma, spinal injuries leading to paralysis, and death) than those sustained in accidents with small boats. Skin and soft-tissue injuries and long-bone fractures were the most frequent injuries following accidents with other small boats. Six of eight children (75%) injured on jet skis required operative interventions. Only three of seven (43%) children in other watercraft accidents required surgery (P < 0.05 jet ski vs other watercraft). When compared with children injured in accidents involving small boats those involved in jet ski accidents tended to have more serious injuries and require operative intervention more frequently. A high index of suspicion for serious injuries must be maintained when evaluating children with this mechanism of injury.

近年来，小型船只的速度和使用量急剧增加。我们报告了小型船只事故导致儿童创伤的经验。我们进行了一项回顾性病历审查，纳入了所有因小型船只事故受伤而入院的儿童。共纳入16名儿童；9名在喷气式滑水车事故中受伤，7名在涉及其他船只的事故中受伤。与小船事故相比，喷气式滑水车事故往往导致更严重的伤害（闭合性头部损伤、中空和实性脏器损伤、胸部创伤、导致瘫痪的脊柱损伤以及死亡）。皮肤和软组织损伤以及长骨骨折是其他小船事故后最常见的损伤。在喷气式滑水车上受伤的8名儿童中有6名（75%）需要手术干预。在其他船只事故中的7名儿童中只有3名（43%）需要手术（喷气式滑水车与其他船只相比，P<0.05）。与小船事故中受伤的儿童相比，喷气式滑水车事故中的儿童往往受伤更严重，且更频繁地需要手术干预。在评估有这种损伤机制的儿童时，必须高度怀疑有严重损伤。