Kraus R, Heiss C, Alt V, Schnettler R
Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Giessen und Marburg, Standort Giessen, Giessen.
Zentralbl Chir. 2006 Oct;131(5):411-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-949534.
Children and adolescents spend up to 50% of their time at school. The purpose of this study was to assess injury patterns with their treatment of school accidents in a Trauma Service of a German University Hospital and to compare these data to the literature. All school accidents from 01.07.1999 to 30.06.2004 were statistically analysed in a retrospective manner by chart review. There were 1399 school accidents treated in our department. Average age of the injured children was 11.8 years with a boy:girl ratio of 3:2. Almost 40% of the injuries occurred during school sport. The most frequently injured region was the upper extremity including the hand (36.8%). Distortion and contusion were the most frequent diagnoses of all injuries. 16% of the cases had to be treated surgically and/or under general anaesthesia and also a total of 16% of the patients had to be admitted to the hospital. It can be concluded for school facilities that special attention has to be paid during school sports activity and breaks because they account for most accidents. Traffic education may reduce severe injuries. For diagnosis and treatment of school accidents specific knowledge of the growing longbones of the upper extremity and the hand is important.
儿童和青少年在学校度过的时间占其总时间的50%。本研究的目的是评估德国大学医院创伤科对学校事故的损伤模式及其治疗情况，并将这些数据与文献进行比较。通过图表回顾对1999年7月1日至2004年6月30日期间的所有学校事故进行了回顾性统计分析。我们科室共治疗了1399起学校事故。受伤儿童的平均年龄为11.8岁，男女生比例为3:2。近40%的损伤发生在学校体育活动期间。最常受伤的部位是包括手部在内的上肢（36.8%）。扭伤和挫伤是所有损伤中最常见的诊断。16%的病例需要手术治疗和/或全身麻醉，共有16%的患者需要住院治疗。对于学校设施而言，可以得出结论，在学校体育活动和课间休息期间必须特别注意，因为这些时段发生的事故最多。交通安全教育可能会减少严重损伤。对于学校事故的诊断和治疗，了解上肢和手部正在生长的长骨的具体知识很重要。
