Stockfleth E, Sterry W
Department of Dermatology, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
Recent Results Cancer Res. 2002;160:259-68. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-59410-6_31.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a subtype of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), a potentially fatal disease linked to overexposure to the sun during childhood. BCC has been associated with UV-induced mutations of the PTC and p53 tumor suppressor genes, and to polymorphisms in the melanocortin-1 receptor and XPD genes. Mortality rates due to BCC are low, but its increasing incidence and prolonged morbidity means the disease is costly to treat. Early recognition and effective treatment are therefore important, to reduce the incidence of BCC and lighten the economic burden of its management. This paper reviews current treatments for BCC, including excision and curettage, electrodessication, surgery, cryosurgery, radiotherapy, and treatment with 5-fluorouracil and intralesional/perilesional cytokines. It also deals with two new treatment modalities, photodynamic therapy and imiquimod 5% cream, an immune response modifier that effectively resolves BCC lesions.
基底细胞癌（BCC）是非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）的一种亚型，是一种与儿童期过度暴露于阳光下相关的潜在致命疾病。BCC与紫外线诱导的PTC和p53肿瘤抑制基因突变以及黑皮质素-1受体和XPD基因的多态性有关。BCC导致的死亡率较低，但其发病率不断上升且发病期延长，这意味着治疗这种疾病成本高昂。因此，早期识别和有效治疗对于降低BCC的发病率以及减轻其治疗的经济负担至关重要。本文综述了BCC的当前治疗方法，包括切除与刮除术、电干燥法、手术、冷冻手术、放射治疗以及使用5-氟尿嘧啶和病灶内/病灶周围细胞因子进行治疗。本文还探讨了两种新的治疗方式，即光动力疗法和5%咪喹莫特乳膏（一种可有效消除BCC病变的免疫反应调节剂）。
