Houston Thomas K, Meoni Lucy A, Ford Daniel E, Brancati Frederick L, Cooper Lisa A, Levine David M, Liang Kung-Yee, Klag Michael J
Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Am J Med. 2002 Jun 15;112(9):689-95. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01126-9.
For physical activity to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, it must be sustained throughout life. We sought to determine the relation between the ability of young adults in different sports and their continued physical activity in midlife, and subsequent cardiovascular disease.
Baseline self-reported ability in tennis, golf, football, baseball, and basketball was assessed in a cohort study involving 1019 male medical students (median age, 22 years). Physical activity and sports participation were assessed 22 years later. The incidence of cardiovascular disease was assessed during a median follow-up of 40 years, using annual questionnaires, medical records, and death certificates.
Subjects with high ability in tennis as young adults had the highest participation in the sport in midlife (median age, 48 years). In the midlife questionnaire administered in 1978, 33% reported playing tennis within the past week and 51% within the past year. Tennis was the only sport in which a higher ability during medical school was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. After adjustment for father's occupation, parental incidence of cardiovascular disease, serum cholesterol level, cigarette smoking, body mass index, and hypertension during follow-up, the relative hazard of developing cardiovascular disease was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35 to 0.89) in the high-ability group and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.47 to 0.96) in the low-ability group, compared with the no-ability group.
Our results support the association between sustained activity in aerobic sports and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Sustainability of activity should be considered when developing physical education programs for young adults.
为了使体育活动降低心血管疾病风险，必须在一生中持续进行。我们试图确定不同运动项目中年轻成年人的能力与其中年时期持续体育活动以及随后心血管疾病之间的关系。
在一项涉及1019名男性医学生（中位年龄22岁）的队列研究中，评估了他们在网球、高尔夫、足球、棒球和篮球方面的基线自我报告能力。22年后评估体育活动和运动参与情况。在40年的中位随访期间，使用年度问卷、医疗记录和死亡证明评估心血管疾病的发病率。
年轻时网球能力高的受试者在中年（中位年龄48岁）时参与该运动的比例最高。在1978年进行的中年问卷中，33%的人报告在过去一周内打过网球，51%的人在过去一年中打过网球。网球是唯一一项在医学院期间能力较高与心血管疾病风险较低相关的运动。在对父亲职业、父母心血管疾病发病率、血清胆固醇水平、吸烟、体重指数和随访期间的高血压进行调整后，高能力组患心血管疾病的相对风险为0.56（95%置信区间[CI]：0.35至0.89），低能力组为0.67（95%CI：0.47至0.96），而无能力组为参照。
我们的结果支持有氧运动的持续活动与较低心血管疾病风险之间的关联。在为年轻人制定体育教育计划时应考虑活动的可持续性。
