J Phys Act Health. 2019 Sep 1;16(9):698-705. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0671. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
This study assessed the independent associations between participation in self-reported sport and exercise activities and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Data were from 13,204 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort (1987-2015). Baseline sport and exercise activities were assessed via the modified Baecke questionnaire. Incident CVD included coronary heart disease, heart failure, or stroke. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models assessed the association of participation in specific sport and exercise activities at enrollment with risk of CVD.
During a median follow-up time of 25.2 years, 30% of the analytic sample (n = 3966) was diagnosed with incident CVD. In fully adjusted models, participation in racquet sports (hazard ratio [HR] 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61-0.93), aerobics (HR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.63-0.88), running (HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54-0.85), and walking (HR 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.95) was significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD. There were no significant associations for bicycling, softball/baseball, gymnastics, swimming, basketball, calisthenics exercises, golfing with cart, golfing with walking, bowling, or weight training.
Participation in specific sport and exercises may substantially reduce the risk for CVD.
本研究评估了自我报告的运动和锻炼活动与心血管疾病（CVD）发病之间的独立关联。
数据来自动脉粥样硬化风险社区研究队列的 13204 名参与者（1987-2015 年）。基线运动和锻炼活动通过改良 Baecke 问卷进行评估。新发 CVD 包括冠心病、心力衰竭或中风。多变量调整的 Cox 比例风险模型评估了在入组时参与特定运动和锻炼活动与 CVD 风险的相关性。
在中位数为 25.2 年的随访期间，分析样本的 30%（n=3966）被诊断为新发 CVD。在完全调整的模型中，参与球拍运动（HR 0.75；95%CI，0.61-0.93）、有氧运动（HR 0.75；95%CI，0.63-0.88）、跑步（HR 0.68；95%CI，0.54-0.85）和步行（HR 0.89；95%CI，0.83-0.95）与 CVD 风险降低显著相关。骑自行车、垒球/棒球、体操、游泳、篮球、体操练习、乘高尔夫球车打高尔夫球、步行打高尔夫球、保龄球或举重训练与 CVD 风险之间没有显著关联。
参与特定的运动和锻炼可能会显著降低 CVD 的风险。
