Food Nutr Bull. 2002 Jun;23(2):162-74. doi: 10.1177/156482650202300205.
This study evaluated whether three nutrition-oriented programs in Central America and Mexico have been successful in targeting those households most vulnerable to undernutrition and poverty. For each country, nationally representative data sets were used to estimate cutoff points dividing the population into 10 equal-sized groups according to child anthropometric measurements (age-standardized height) and household income (per capita household expenditures). Households meeting eligibility criteria were then assessed using special baseline surveys or national data obtained before implementation of the program. Children in these households were classified according to national deciles of height-for-age, and households were classified according to expenditure deciles. In spite of markedly differing targeting strategies, each of the programs was well targeted, with 45% (Honduras and Mexico) and 52% (Nicaragua) of children in eligible households coming from the lowest two deciles of the national distributions, and virtually none from the upper two deciles. Similar results pertained to household income. These experiences demonstrate that vulnerable households can be targeted relatively straightforwardly, and that the need to do this does not in every case imply household-level income screening.
本研究评估了中美洲和墨西哥的三个以营养为导向的项目在针对那些最易遭受营养不良和贫困的家庭方面是否取得成功。对于每个国家，使用具有全国代表性的数据集，根据儿童人体测量指标（年龄标准化身高）和家庭收入（人均家庭支出），将人口划分为10个规模相等的组，以估计划分点。然后，使用项目实施前进行的特别基线调查或国家数据对符合资格标准的家庭进行评估。这些家庭中的儿童根据年龄别身高的全国十分位数进行分类，家庭则根据支出十分位数进行分类。尽管目标定位策略明显不同，但每个项目的目标定位都很好，符合条件家庭中的儿童有45%（洪都拉斯和墨西哥）和52%（尼加拉瓜）来自全国分布中最低的两个十分位数，几乎没有来自最高两个十分位数的。家庭收入方面也有类似结果。这些经验表明，相对容易直接针对弱势家庭，而且这样做并不在每种情况下都意味着要进行家庭层面的收入筛查。
