Heil S H, Holmes H W, Bickel W K, Higgins S T, Badger G J, Laws H F, Faries D E
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002 Jul 1;67(2):149-56. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00053-4.
This study compared the subjective, physiological, and psychomotor effects of atomoxetine and methylphenidate with placebo in healthy volunteers. Sixteen non-dependent light drug users participated in six experimental sessions, receiving placebo, atomoxetine (20, 45 and 90 mg) and methylphenidate (20 and 40 mg) using a double-blind, Latin square design. Subjective drug effects were assessed using Visual Analog Scales (VAS), the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI) and Adjective Rating Scales (ARS). Psychomotor performance was evaluated using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Physiological measures were also collected throughout the sessions. Assessments were conducted before drug administration and 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 min following dosing. Forty milligrams methylphenidate produced significant increases on the stimulant portions of the VAS and ARS and the benzedrine, amphetamine, morphine-benzedrine and lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD) subscales of the ARCI relative to placebo. Ninety mg atomoxetine was reported to be unpleasurable relative to placebo as indicated by significant increases on the 'bad' and 'sick' portions of the VAS, and on the LSD subscale of the ARCI. Compared with placebo, both methylphenidate doses significantly increased systolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). For atomoxetine, 90 mg increased diastolic BP, 45 and 90 mg increased systolic BP, and all three doses increased HR relative to placebo. Neither compound produced significant differences from placebo on DSST performance. These results suggest that atomoxetine does not induce subjective effects similar to methylphenidate and suggest that it is unlikely that atomoxetine will have abuse liability.
本研究在健康志愿者中比较了托莫西汀和哌甲酯与安慰剂的主观、生理及精神运动效应。16名无药物依赖的轻度药物使用者参与了6次实验，采用双盲、拉丁方设计，分别接受安慰剂、托莫西汀（20、45和90毫克）及哌甲酯（20和40毫克）。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）、成瘾研究中心量表（ARCI）和形容词评定量表（ARS）评估主观药物效应。使用数字符号替换测验（DSST）评估精神运动表现。在整个实验过程中还收集了生理指标。在给药前以及给药后30、60、90、120、150、180和240分钟进行评估。与安慰剂相比，40毫克哌甲酯使VAS和ARS的兴奋部分以及ARCI的苯丙胺、安非他明、吗啡 - 苯丙胺和麦角酸二乙胺（LSD）分量表显著增加。据报告，90毫克托莫西汀相对于安慰剂令人不适，这表现为VAS的“不良”和“不适”部分以及ARCI的LSD分量表显著增加。与安慰剂相比，两种剂量的哌甲酯均显著提高收缩压（BP）和心率（HR）。对于托莫西汀，90毫克增加舒张压，45和90毫克增加收缩压，所有三个剂量相对于安慰剂均增加心率。两种化合物在DSST表现上与安慰剂均无显著差异。这些结果表明，托莫西汀不会诱导与哌甲酯相似的主观效应，并表明托莫西汀不太可能具有滥用倾向。
