Cutaneous manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus infection.

The most common cutaneous manifestations of EBV include IM, OHL, and cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. Infectious mononucleosis is a self-limited manifestation of acute EBV infection. The transient rash that occurs quite commonly in patients with IM who have received antibiotic therapy is an erythematous, maculopapular eruption, usually located on the trunk and upper extremities. Oral hairy leukoplakia occurs in immunosuppressed HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. In HIV-positive individuals, it serves as an indicator of disease severity and rapid progression to AIDS. The presence of OHL in an individual should prompt the clinician to perform a through history-taking and investigation of immune status. Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders associated with EBV occur in individuals with congenital or acquired immunodeficiency syndromes.