Cheng Helen, Furnham Adrian
Department of Psychology, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WCI 0AP, UK.
J Adolesc. 2002 Jun;25(3):327-39. doi: 10.1006/jado.2002.0475.
This study is set out to examine to what extent peer relations, self-confidence, and school performance correlated with self-rated happiness (OHI) and loneliness (UCLA LS) in adolescents. Personality traits (EPQ), self-confidence (PEI), friendship and school grades were all significantly oppositely correlated with happiness and loneliness. Regressional analysis revealed that extraversion and neuroticism were direct predictors of happiness and self-confidence, while psychoticism and extraversion were direct predictors of loneliness. The effect of sex on happiness and loneliness was moderated by friendship and neuroticism, and by neuroticism and psychoticism, respectively. Extraversion was also a significant predictor of general confidence and social interactions which directly influenced loneliness whilst psychoticism was a direct predictor of loneliness. Self-rated school performance was the only direct predictor of happiness whereas general confidence and social interactions were related to adolescents' self-reported loneliness.
本研究旨在探讨同伴关系、自信心和学业成绩在多大程度上与青少年的自评幸福感（OHI）和孤独感（UCLA LS）相关。人格特质（EPQ）、自信心（PEI）、友谊和学业成绩均与幸福感和孤独感呈显著负相关。回归分析表明，外向性和神经质是幸福感和自信心的直接预测因素，而精神质和外向性是孤独感的直接预测因素。性别对幸福感和孤独感的影响分别由友谊和神经质、神经质和精神质调节。外向性也是总体自信心和社交互动的重要预测因素，直接影响孤独感，而精神质是孤独感的直接预测因素。自评学业成绩是幸福感的唯一直接预测因素，而总体自信心和社交互动与青少年自我报告的孤独感有关。
