Ginsberg Ann M
Respiratory Diseases Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Bull World Health Organ. 2002;80(6):483-8.
Over the past 10 years, tuberculosis (TB) vaccine development has resurged as an active area of investigation. The renewed interest has been stimulated by the recognition that, although BCG is delivered to approximately 90% of all neonates globally through the Expanded Programme on Immunization, Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to cause over 8 million new cases of TB and over 2 million deaths annually. Over one hundred TB vaccine candidates have been developed, using different approaches to inducing protective immunity. Candidate vaccines are typically screened in small animal models of primary TB disease for their ability to protect against a virulent strain of M. tuberculosis. The most promising are now beginning to enter human safety trials, marking real progress in this field for the first time in 80 years.
在过去十年中，结核病（TB）疫苗研发再度成为一个活跃的研究领域。全球通过扩大免疫规划为约90%的新生儿接种卡介苗（BCG），但结核分枝杆菌每年仍继续导致超过800万例新的结核病病例和超过200万人死亡，这一认识激发了人们新的兴趣。目前已研发出一百多种结核病候选疫苗，采用了不同的方法来诱导保护性免疫。候选疫苗通常在原发性结核病的小动物模型中进行筛选，以评估其抵御毒力结核分枝杆菌菌株的能力。最有前景的候选疫苗现已开始进入人体安全性试验阶段，这标志着该领域80年来首次取得实质性进展。
