Kaiko R F, Wallenstein S L, Rogers A, Heidrich G, Houde R W
NIDA Res Monogr. 1979;27:254-60.
The results of this study in postoperative patients have, thus far, revealed little that was not expected from a review of the literature. Heroin hydrochloride appears to be about two to three times more potent than morphine sulfate as an analgesic, to act more promptly and to have a slightly shorter duration of action. There is a suggestion that heroin may have a somewhat different spectrum of side effects and mood effects compared to morphine, but the effects of both drugs on mood were inversely correlated with the patients' feelings at the time of drug administration. Regardless, as a group, patients responded to both drugs with significantly improved moods. A lag time between the peak intensity of analgesic and mood effects of both heroin and morphine suggest a dissociation between these effects. Whether or not these early impressions will be reinforced as this study proceeds, and whether or not the effects of the drugs in patients with chronic pain due to advanced cancer will be any different than in these patients with postoperative pain, remains to be seen.
迄今为止，这项针对术后患者的研究结果并未揭示出比文献综述预期更多的内容。盐酸海洛因作为一种镇痛药，其效力似乎比硫酸吗啡强约两到三倍，起效更快，作用持续时间略短。有迹象表明，与吗啡相比，海洛因可能具有 somewhat different spectrum of side effects and mood effects，但两种药物对情绪的影响与给药时患者的感受呈负相关。无论如何，总体而言，患者对两种药物的反应都是情绪显著改善。海洛因和吗啡的镇痛和情绪效应峰值强度之间的滞后时间表明这些效应之间存在解离。随着这项研究的推进，这些早期印象是否会得到加强，以及这些药物对晚期癌症所致慢性疼痛患者的影响是否会与对这些术后疼痛患者的影响有所不同，仍有待观察。 （注：原文中“somewhat different spectrum of side effects and mood effects”直译为“某种程度上不同的副作用和情绪效应谱”，表述较模糊，此处意译为“在副作用和情绪影响方面有所不同” ，使译文更通顺自然）
