Redfern Mark S, Müller Martijn L T M, Jennings J Richard, Furman Joseph M
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2002 Aug;57(8):B298-303. doi: 10.1093/gerona/57.8.b298.
Temporal dynamics of attention during postural perturbations in young and older adults were investigated. Nineteen young and older subjects performed simple reaction time tasks during translational platform perturbations. Auditory or visual stimuli were presented randomly at delays from the onset of the platform perturbation. Reaction time was slowed before and during the platform movement, particularly in older subjects. Reaction times to stimuli presented at a 250-millisecond delay or later were not influenced by perturbation. The reaction times to the auditory stimuli were influenced more by perturbation than were those to visual targets. The postural response was unaltered by the presence of the reaction time task, but it differed between groups. Attention is engaged in response to a perturbation during the preperturbation time and during the initiation of the postural response in young and older adults. Sensory selection occurs in young and older adults, but to a greater degree in older subjects.
研究了年轻人和老年人在姿势扰动过程中注意力的时间动态。19名年轻和老年受试者在平台平移扰动期间执行简单反应时间任务。在平台扰动开始后的不同延迟时间随机呈现听觉或视觉刺激。在平台移动之前和期间反应时间减慢，尤其是在老年受试者中。在250毫秒或更晚延迟时呈现的刺激的反应时间不受扰动影响。对听觉刺激的反应时间比视觉目标受扰动的影响更大。反应时间任务的存在并未改变姿势反应，但两组之间存在差异。年轻人和老年人在预扰动时间和姿势反应开始期间都会因扰动而引起注意力。年轻人和老年人都会进行感觉选择，但在老年受试者中程度更大。
