Lipowski Earlene E, Campbell DeArcy E, Brushwood David B, Wilson Debbie
College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA.
J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash). 2002 Jul-Aug;42(4):577-81. doi: 10.1331/108658002763029544.
To determine how much time can be saved with the use of unit-of-use packaging in a community pharmacy, the distribution of work between the pharmacist and the pharmacy technician when unit-of-use packaging is used, and the number of errors that occur when either unit-of-use or bulk packaging is used in dispensing prescriptions.
A simulation comparing count-and-pour dispensing with unit-of-use package dispensing.
An independent community pharmacy.
Two teams, each composed of one pharmacist and one pharmacy technician.
Each team prepared 50 typical prescription orders, once using unit-of-use packaging and once by transferring medication from a bulk container.
Time needed to dispense 50 prescriptions, dispensing activities performed by technicians and pharmacists, and number of dispensing errors.
The time saved with unit-of-use packaging compared with count-and-pour dispensing was 46.5 minutes per 100 prescriptions, which represents an average time savings of more than 27 seconds per prescrition. In the bulk package dispensing simulation, the pharmacists assisted in retrieving and counting medication for 26% of the prescriptions. This percentage dropped to 4% when unit-of-use packaging was used because the technicians dispensed prescriptions at a rate that occupied the pharmacist with verifying the prescription orders and dispensed products. Each team committed two counting errors when executing the bulk package trial and no errors when using unit-of-use packaging.
Unit-of-use packaging can reduce the time needed for and increase the efficiency of pharmacists' dispensing activities. Unit-of-use packaging may also reduce the number of counting errors.
确定在社区药房使用即用包装能节省多少时间，使用即用包装时药剂师和药房技术员之间的工作分配情况，以及在调配处方时使用即用包装或散装包装时出现的错误数量。
一项比较逐片计数和倾倒调配与即用包装调配的模拟研究。
一家独立的社区药房。
两个团队，每个团队由一名药剂师和一名药房技术员组成。
每个团队准备50份典型处方订单，一次使用即用包装，一次从散装容器中转移药品。
调配50份处方所需时间、技术员和药剂师进行的调配活动以及调配错误数量。
与逐片计数和倾倒调配相比，使用即用包装每100份处方可节省46.5分钟，即每份处方平均节省超过27秒。在散装包装调配模拟中，药剂师协助检索和计数26%的处方药品。使用即用包装时，这一比例降至4%，因为技术员调配处方的速度使药剂师忙于核对处方订单和已调配产品。每个团队在进行散装包装试验时出现了两次计数错误，而使用即用包装时没有错误。
即用包装可以减少药剂师调配活动所需的时间并提高效率。即用包装还可能减少计数错误的数量。
