Jackson D M, Andén N E, Dahlström A
Psychopharmacologia. 1975 Dec 31;45(2):139-49. doi: 10.1007/BF00429052.
Dopamine (5 to 50 mug) applied bilaterally to the nucleus accumbens of reserpine-nialamide pretreated rats produced a marked dose-dependent rise in coordinated locomotor activity, devoid of stereotypies such as gnawing, rearing and licking seen after dopamine application (50 mug) to the neostriatum. The locomotor activity was completely blocked by pimozide, but not by phenoxybenzamine. The effects of apomorphine or d-noradrenaline was similar to those of dopamine. In contrast, l-noradrenaline produced a "convulsive" syndrome devoid of coordinated locomotor activity, and this convulsive syndrome could be completely blocked by phenoxybenzamine but not by pimozide. Release of endogenous dopamine by d- or l-amphetamine (10 and 50 mug) in the nucleus accumbens produced a rise in coordinated activity, the d-isomer was about 4 times as potent as the l-isomer, and the effect of the d-isomer was blocked completely by alpha-methyltyrosine. Bilateral application of trifluoperazine (2.5 mug) to the nucleus accumbens completely blocked the effect of systemically administered d-amphetamine (1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg), but similar application to the area of the central nucleus of the amygdala or the neostriatum was much less effective. Partial protection of the endogenous dopamine stores against the depleting action of reserpine by local application of metatyramine to the nucleus accumbens resulted in a higher level of basal activity than in control animals. Application of dopamine or noradrenaline to the area of the central nucleus of the amygdala or to the olfactory tubercles did not lead to any consistent changes in locomotor activity. The nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercles contained most of the dopamine in the limbic forebrain, with noradrenaline more evenly distributed. These data suggest that the nucleus accumbens plays an important role in the locomotor activity in rats.
对经利血平 - 尼亚酰胺预处理的大鼠双侧伏隔核施加多巴胺（5至50微克），会使协调性运动活动显著剂量依赖性增加，且没有在向新纹状体施加多巴胺（50微克）后出现的诸如啃咬、直立和舔舐等刻板行为。运动活动被匹莫齐特完全阻断，但未被酚苄明阻断。阿扑吗啡或d - 去甲肾上腺素的作用与多巴胺相似。相比之下，l - 去甲肾上腺素产生一种缺乏协调性运动活动的“惊厥”综合征，且这种惊厥综合征可被酚苄明完全阻断，但不能被匹莫齐特阻断。d - 或l - 苯丙胺（10和50微克）在伏隔核中释放内源性多巴胺会使协调性活动增加，d - 异构体的效力约为l - 异构体的4倍，且d - 异构体的作用被α - 甲基酪氨酸完全阻断。双侧向伏隔核施加三氟拉嗪（2.5微克）完全阻断了全身给予d - 苯丙胺（1.5和3.0毫克/千克）的作用，但向杏仁核中央核区域或新纹状体进行类似施加的效果则差得多。通过向伏隔核局部应用间甲胺对内源性多巴胺储存进行部分保护，使其免受利血平的耗竭作用，导致基础活动水平高于对照动物。向杏仁核中央核区域或嗅结节施加多巴胺或去甲肾上腺素并未导致运动活动出现任何一致的变化。伏隔核和嗅结节含有边缘前脑中的大部分多巴胺，而去甲肾上腺素分布更均匀。这些数据表明伏隔核在大鼠的运动活动中起重要作用。
