冒险倾向和拒绝 assertiveness 对城市内青少年饮酒社会影响的调节作用。 注：原文中的“assertiveness”常见释义为“坚定自信”等，这里不太明确准确意思，暂保留英文。
The moderating role of risk-taking tendency and refusal assertiveness on social influences in alcohol use among inner-city adolescents.
作者信息
Epstein Jennifer A, Botvin Gilbert J
机构信息
Institute for Prevention Research, Cornell University, Weill Medical College, New York, New York 10021, USA.
出版信息
J Stud Alcohol. 2002 Jul;63(4):456-9. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2002.63.456.
OBJECTIVE
Many etiological models of adolescent alcohol use concentrate on the main effects of risk and protective factors. This study examined the moderating influence of risk-taking tendency and refusal assertiveness on perceived friends' drinking as associated with alcohol use among inner-city adolescents.
METHOD
Participants (N = 2,400; 54% female) completed questionnaires that included measures of risk-taking tendency, refusal assertiveness, perceived friends' drinking and alcohol use (drinking frequency, drinking amount and drunkenness).
RESULTS
Main effects for perceived friends' drinking, risk-taking tendency and refusal assertiveness were found for all three drinking measures, consistent with prior work. Furthermore, significant interactions were found between (1) risk-taking tendency and perceived friends' drinking and (2) refusal assertiveness and perceived friends' drinking.
CONCLUSIONS
High risk-taking tendency and low refusal assertiveness increased the impact of perceived friends' drinking on alcohol use among inner-city adolescents. This suggests that these factors are important components in preventing alcohol use.
目的
许多青少年饮酒的病因模型都集中在风险因素和保护因素的主要影响上。本研究考察了冒险倾向和拒绝 assertiveness 对城市内青少年中与饮酒相关的感知到的朋友饮酒行为的调节作用。
方法
参与者（N = 2400；54%为女性）完成了问卷，其中包括冒险倾向、拒绝 assertiveness、感知到的朋友饮酒行为和饮酒情况（饮酒频率、饮酒量和醉酒情况）的测量。
结果
对于所有三种饮酒测量指标，均发现了感知到的朋友饮酒行为、冒险倾向和拒绝 assertiveness 的主要影响，这与先前的研究结果一致。此外，还发现了（1）冒险倾向与感知到的朋友饮酒行为之间以及（2）拒绝 assertiveness 与感知到的朋友饮酒行为之间存在显著的交互作用。
结论
高冒险倾向和低拒绝 assertiveness 增加了城市内青少年中感知到的朋友饮酒行为对饮酒的影响。这表明这些因素是预防饮酒的重要组成部分。 （注：原文中“refusal assertiveness”可能表述有误，推测可能是“refusal assertiveness”之类的词汇，这里按原文准确翻译，但可能影响理解，最好确认原文准确词汇。）
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