[A case of pulmonary sarcoidosis with pneumothorax and pleural effusion after improvement of pulmonary impairment].

A 23-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a complete medical evaluation of abnormal pulmonary shadows found on a chest radiograph during his annual check-up. Chest radiography and chest CT showed a diffuse spread of micronodules in both lung fields and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A transbronchial lung biopsy demonstrated evidence of noncaseating epithelioid cell granuloma with multinucleated giant cells, and a diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made. The pulmonary shadows improved without therapy. Twenty months later, the patient was readmitted to the hospital because of chest pain and dyspnea. Pneumothorax appeared on the right in a chest radiograph, but subsided after drainage therapy, and two weeks later, a right side pleural effusion was seen. We determined that the pleura was involved in the sarcoidosis, and the patient was treated with oral prednisolone 20 mg daily. The pleural effusion gradually subsided. This is the first reported case in Japan of pulmonary sarcoidosis with pneumothorax and pleural effusion after improvement of pulmonary impairment.