[Fructose-bisphosphatase of microorganisms].

Data from modern scientific literature concerning general characteristics of fructose-bisphosphatase--the key enzyme of microorganisms gluconeogenesis pathway have been analyzed in the survey. The conditions of fructose-bisphosphatase functioning in the cell--activation and repression, have been described. Regulation of prokaryotes enzyme activity by fructose-1.6-bisphosphate, fructose-2.6-bisphosphate, phosphoenol pyruvate, metal cation, etc., is discussed. Absolute dependence of fructose-bisphosphatase activity on cations of bivalent metals (Mg2+, Mn2+) and AMP is shown. Special attention was given to the functioning and characteristics of the enzyme in prokaryotes and eukaryotes: their similarity and differences. Data about the basic enzyme of gluconeogenesis pathway in Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, conditions of its functioning in autotrophs and heterotrophs have been generalized for the first time. Genetical and molecular biological properties of fructose-bisphosphatase in microorganisms have been considered. At the same time, the fact is established that the above enzyme has not been investigated in numerous microorganisms.