Stuster J
Anacapa Sciences, Inc. Santa Barbara, California, USA.
Hum Perf Extrem Environ. 1998 Sep;3(1):117-20.
Analogous experience is often instructive when attempting to understand human behavior in extreme environments. The current paper refers to the experiences of polar explorers and remote duty personnel to help identify the factors that influence individual and team performance when small groups are isolated and confined for long durations. The principal factors discussed include organizational structure, intracrew communications, interpersonal relations, leadership style, personnel selection, and training. Behavioral implications also are addressed for the design of procedures and equipment to facilitate sustained individual and group performance under conditions of isolation and confinement. To be consistent with the theme of the symposium, this paper emphasizes the crew requirements for an international expedition to Mars.
在试图理解极端环境下的人类行为时，类似的经历往往具有启发性。本文借鉴极地探险者和执行远程任务人员的经历，以帮助确定在小群体长时间孤立和受限的情况下，影响个人和团队表现的因素。所讨论的主要因素包括组织结构、船员内部沟通、人际关系、领导风格、人员选拔和培训。还探讨了行为方面的影响，以便设计程序和设备，在孤立和受限的条件下促进个人和团队的持续表现。为与研讨会主题保持一致，本文着重阐述了国际火星探险队对船员的要求。
