Folk Charles L, Leber Andrew B, Egeth Howard E
Department of Psychology Villanova University, PA 19085, USA.
Percept Psychophys. 2002 Jul;64(5):741-53. doi: 10.3758/bf03194741.
Previous studies have shown that the capture of attention by an irrelevant stimulus can be eliminated by fore knowledge of the spatial location of the relevant target stimulus. To explore whether spatial certainty is sufficient to eliminate capture, four experiments are reported in which the spatial location of the target is certain but the temporal position is uncertain. Subjects viewed a central rapid serial visual presentation stream in which a target letter was defined by a particular color (e.g., red). On critical trials, irrelevant color singletons appeared in the periphery. In Experiments 1 and 2, peripheral singletons produced a decrement in central target identification that was contingent on the match between the singleton color and the target color. Experiments 3 and 4 provided evidence that this decrement reflected a shift of spatial attention to the location of the distractor. The results suggest that spatial certainty is not sufficient to eliminate attentional capture and that attentional capture can result in a spatial "blink" that is conditional on top-down attentional control settings.
先前的研究表明，通过预先知晓相关目标刺激的空间位置，可以消除无关刺激对注意力的吸引。为了探究空间确定性是否足以消除注意力的吸引，本文报告了四项实验，实验中目标的空间位置是确定的，但时间位置是不确定的。受试者观看中央快速序列视觉呈现流，其中目标字母由特定颜色（如红色）定义。在关键试验中，无关颜色的单独元素出现在外周。在实验1和实验2中，外周单独元素会导致中央目标识别能力下降，这种下降取决于单独元素颜色与目标颜色的匹配。实验3和实验4提供的证据表明，这种下降反映了空间注意力转移到了干扰物的位置。结果表明，空间确定性不足以消除注意力的吸引，并且注意力的吸引会导致一种基于自上而下注意力控制设置的空间“瞬脱”。
