Alavian Seyed Moayed, Gholami Bardia, Masarrat Sadegh
Tehran Hepatitis Center, Tehran, Iran.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002 Oct;17(10):1092-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2002.02843.x.
In order to evaluate some possible risk factors for the spread of hepatitis C infection a case-control study was undertaken.
The study population consisted of first time blood donors referred to the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and recombinant immunoblot assay anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) tests were performed for all samples. Risk factors were evaluated using a questionnaire. A stepwise forward logistic regression analysis was used.
The case group consisted of 193 HCV-positive donors, and 196 HCV-negative donors comprised the control group. Transfusion, undergoing endoscopy, extramarital sexual activities, non-intravenous (i.v.) drug abuse, i.v. drug abuse, and receiving wounds at war were found to be independent risk factors of being HCV-positive (Odds ratio: 17, 4, 42.2, 34.4, 52.8 and 5.2, respectively). No apparent risk factors could be demonstrated in 24.5% of the positive cases.
This study could be of particular interest because of the low seroprevalence of hepatitis C and the religious culture of the study population. There are certain medical procedures, lifestyle patterns, and customs and cultural matters in Iran that predispose people to a number of HCV risk factors.
为评估丙型肝炎感染传播的一些可能危险因素，开展了一项病例对照研究。
研究人群包括首次前往伊朗输血组织的献血者。对所有样本进行酶联免疫吸附试验和重组免疫印迹法抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）检测。使用问卷评估危险因素。采用逐步向前逻辑回归分析。
病例组由193名HCV阳性献血者组成，对照组由196名HCV阴性献血者组成。输血、接受内镜检查、婚外性行为、非静脉注射吸毒、静脉注射吸毒以及在战争中受伤被发现是HCV阳性的独立危险因素（比值比分别为：17、4、42.2、34.4、52.8和5.2）。24.5%的阳性病例中未发现明显危险因素。
由于丙型肝炎的血清流行率较低以及研究人群的宗教文化，本研究可能具有特殊意义。伊朗存在某些医疗程序、生活方式模式以及习俗和文化因素，使人们易患多种HCV危险因素。
